are a group of disorders that affect the heart and blood vessels. They are among the leading causes of death worldwide ❤️🫀.
Main Types of Cardiovascular Diseases
- Coronary Artery Disease
- Occurs when the arteries that supply blood to the heart become narrowed or blocked.
- Often caused by plaque buildup (atherosclerosis).
- Can lead to chest pain (angina) or heart attacks.
- Stroke
- Happens when blood supply to the brain is blocked or reduced.
- Brain cells begin to die within minutes.
- Symptoms may include sudden weakness, confusion, or difficulty speaking.
- Heart Failure
- The heart cannot pump blood effectively.
- Causes fatigue, swelling in legs, and shortness of breath.
- Hypertension
- A condition where blood pressure is consistently too high.
- Often called the “silent killer” because symptoms may not appear early.
- Peripheral Artery Disease
- Narrowed arteries reduce blood flow to the arms or legs.
- Causes leg pain during walking.
- Rheumatic Heart Disease
- Damage to heart valves caused by untreated rheumatic fever.
Common Risk Factors ⚠️
- Smoking 🚬
- Unhealthy diet (high fat, salt, sugar) 🍔
- Lack of physical activity
- Obesity
- Diabetes
- High cholesterol
- Excessive alcohol consumption
- Stress
Common Symptoms
Symptoms vary but may include:
- Chest pain or discomfort
- Shortness of breath
- Fatigue
- Palpitations (irregular heartbeat)
- Swelling in legs, ankles, or feet
- Dizziness or fainting
Prevention Tips 🛡️
- Eat a balanced diet (fruits, vegetables, whole grains).
- Exercise at least 30 minutes daily.
- Avoid smoking.
- Limit alcohol intake.
- Manage stress.
- Check blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood sugar regularly.
